History of drill machines and its evaluation
The invention of drill machine dates back to the Egyptians and Harappans era with the earliest invention of bow drills. With various sources of power like the water wheels, windmills and human effort expanded over many decades came the electric motor during the late nineteenth century. Among the power machineries and motors, the drilling tools were one of them. With the headway of technology the application of drill machine started commercially, industrially and also domestically. It proved great with its versatility and convenience in the metal processing, manufacturing and construction units. Not only of industrial operation, these drilling machines are also equipped with features to serve the medical world, space missions and industries involved in wood working, metal working and masonry. Besides boring holes in the work pieces, the application of drill machine ranges to assignments like countersinking, reaming, tapping, spot facing, counter boring and much more. The drilling machineries come in an array of designs built specially for many different applications and are termed as Radial drilling machines, Milling cum Drilling machines, Pillar drill machines and Versatile Drilling machines.
Use of Radial drilling machines in workshops
Among the many varieties of drill machines, radial drills are known for its accuracy, precision and great efficiency. Because of its robustness, this machine is considered as a versatile machine tool for workshops. The radial drill machine is designed in a way to ensure accurate work with precision for ensuring smooth rotation of columns and avoiding angular deflection of the spindle axis. Also, this can be used to place fasteners in workshops. It cuts through the material and fastens the two pieces together at the same time.
Industrial importance of Radial drilling machines
The radial drill machine is the most common drill machine used in the industrial sector and is also the most preferred type. With the application of radial drill machine, every complex manufacturing process is transformed into the simplest task. It comes as a great tool for woodworking, metalworking and construction work. The special features of this drill machine make it possible to drill a range of material including steel, cast iron, plastic etc. The high quality steel parts, geared workhead and arms increase the tolerance capacity of the radial drill machine. The exclusive features support robust construction for the purpose of heavy drilling in workshops. The drill spindle of the radial drill is fastened to the end of its arm and that makes the application of radial drill machine easier to drill holes competently even in the larger work section compared to other varieties of drill machines. Also, depending on the arm’s length it can hold work pieces of large sizes. The adjustable drilling features allow to carry out drilling tasks in the most easy and effortless manner.
Application in Pharmaceutical machines
The production of medicine relies heavily on intricate equipments that are used to manufacture process and pack medicines. The main devices used to manufacture drugs include reactors, bio-reactors, agitator vessels, mixers, homogenizes, fermentation equipment, pressurized tanks, storage tanks, centrifuges and other equipments. These are mainly manufactured from aluminum and cold rolled stainless steels. In addition, other devices are used to move and pack the liquid and solid medicines in containers. The making of pharmaceutical machinery greatly relies on devices such as drills. They bore opening on parts which assist in fastening using bolts and rivets. Equipments used to produce drugs have intricate shapes with numerous bores used to fasten the parts to others as well as to the production lines. The boring process requires versatile and computerized radial drills that can make vertical and inclined holes. The radial projections allow this device to make a range of complex openings on the parts being manufactured. These devices also allow for precision and computerized control that results to accurate and precision drilling of holes.
Application in medicine packaging
Medicine manufacturing industries have numerous equipments used to process, transport, separate and pack medicines. Wide ranges of devices are used in the packing products. Conveyor belt system transport drugs to and from the packaging machines. In addition, systems such as carton forming systems, shrink wrappers and automatic packaging systems are also used. All these equipment require fastening using bolts and rivets. Subsequently, drills are used to punch through holes for fastening with bolt and rivets while blind openings are tapped to allow fastening with a threaded bolt. Conveyor belt systems and wrapping equipment are intricate in nature since they must sort and pack different products with high precision. The complex nature of these parts requires more precision and accurate drilling to allow precision fastening and assembly of the whole equipment.
Application in Repair and Maintenance
These drills are also used in maintenance of both production and packaging machines. The repair of worn out parts necessitates the development of an alternative parts which must be drilled with precision. Most drugs manufacturing centers have a separate maintenance workshop dedicated to repairing the production equipment. These workshops have drilling tool to perform intricate drilling operations.
Application in Petroleum Industries
Radial Drilling Machine is most important equipment in the petroleum industry. Radial drill machine enhanced by the basic component; the arm, the column, drill head and the base. The critical operational function of the equipment is the ability of the head to rotate about the column at a radius similar to the arm. The height of the equipment can be adjusted depending on the size of the work piece.
There it is completely versatile equipment, which has wide-ranging usage, especially in the oil production and conveyance. The equipment is usually set on a workbench or table, while very large types are mounted on the floor. Radial drilling machine uses advanced include reaming, tapping, spot facing, counter drilling. Various models have been advanced for radial drill machine to serve the various industries.
Drilling works in Petroleum Industry
The Petroleum and oil production industry uses heavy machinery, handling equipment exposed heavy corrosion and mechanical breakdowns sometimes in far-off areas. Radial drill machine is vital in repair and handling many large work pieces related to oil research.
Some of the Special Application includes:
Reaming
Reaming is the process of enlarging the smaller hole to targeted size and also uses to achieve perfect precision because in the petroleum field precision is most important. Drill machine uses for drilled hole in smaller dimension and then rimmed to required diameter size.
Counter Boring
Counter Boring is process of making the enlarging top end of bore to perfect depth creates the square shoulder on the produced bore. Counter boring uses to allow heads of screws to completely flush with surface of work piece.
Spot facing: Spot facing is process of smoothing round edge of bore to create leveling surface of countersink. It also uses for fit tightly bolts, nuts, and washers below the work piece surface.
Countersinking: Countersinking is processing to create bore for flat headed screws. There are different angels but 82 degrees and 60 degress are common angles of counter screws.
Tapping: tapping is process of creating a thread to bore and during a process of tapping power machine is not necessary so the chuck is turned by hand until the thread is created to drilled bore. Achieving proper tapping tap wrench is used for greater power and grip. Drill chunk using for tapping larger holes in fixed position.
The radial drill is important in the petroleum industry is critical and especially where high precision is required. The ability of the radial drill machine to accommodate different tool bits has also enhanced its applicability in the oil production and conveyance industry.